Energy

Energy
   Until the 20th century, wood and peat were the most used energy sources in the Netherlands. Then, coal, oil, and natural gas became alternatives. In 1973, an Arab oil boycott was extended to the Netherlands because it had supported Israel in the Yom Kippur War. Carless Sundays, in order to save gasoline, were a solution in the short term. The government also started to stimulate the use of re newable energy sources, such as modern windmills and solar collec tors. Dutch society, however, did not appreciate nuclear energy as an alternative. Proposals for new nuclear plants and the presence of such plants in Dodewaard, Gelderland, since 1968 and Borssele, Zee land, since 1973 led to fear and strong protests. In response, the gov ernment decided to close both plants, the first in 1997. The other will remain open until 2033, however, according to a government deci sion in 2006. At any rate, most electricity in the Netherlands is still generated by fossil fuels, of which Dutch natural gas will be available in large quantities for only several more decades. Dutch energy prices have increased tremendously recently. The linking of the Dutch natural gas price to the world’s rising oil prices has been profitable for Dutch state finances, but not, of course, for Dutch citizens of modest means. In order to create more competition, the government decided to lib eralize the energy market as of 1998. In 2004, all households were free to choose their own electricity and gas supplier. They could al ready make a choice for so-called green electricity, which is gener ated by clean sources (such as wind, sun, hydropower, and biomass).
   See also Economy; Petrochemicals.

Historical Dictionary of the Netherlands. . 2012.

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  • Energy —   The capability of doing work; different forms of energy can be converted to other forms, but the total amount of energy remains the same.   This is broadly defined as the capability of doing work. In the electric power industry, energy is more… …   Energy terms

  • Energy Deliveries —   Energy generated by one system delivered to another system.   ***   Energy generated by one electric utility system and delivered to another system through one or more transmission lines.   U.S. Dept. of Energy, Energy Information… …   Energy terms

  • Energy Receipts —   Energy generated by one utility system that is received by another through transmission lines.   ***   Energy brought into a site from another location.   U.S. Dept. of Energy, Energy Information Administration s Energy Glossary …   Energy terms

  • Energy supply —   Energy made available for future disposition. Supply can be considered and measured from the point of view of the energy provider or the receiver.   U.S. Dept. of Energy, Energy Information Administration s Energy Glossary …   Energy terms

  • Energy Use —   Energy consumed during a specified time period for a specific purpose (usually expressed in kWh) …   Energy terms

  • Energy Efficiency —   Programs that reduce consumption.   ***   A ratio of service provided to energy input (e.g., lumens to watts in the case of light bulbs). Services provided can include buildings sector end uses such as lighting, refrigeration, and heating:… …   Energy terms

  • Energy Intensity —   The relative extent that energy is required for a process.   ***   A ratio of energy consumption to another metric, typically national gross domestic product in the case of a country s energy intensity. Sector specific intensities may refer to… …   Energy terms

  • Energy Policy Act of 1992 — (EPACT)   A comprehensive legislative package that mandates and encourages energy efficiency standards, alternative fuel use, and the development of renewable energy technologies. Public Law 102 486, October 24th, 1992. Also authorized the… …   Energy terms

  • Energy Effects —   Changes at the consumer meter that reflect activities undertaken in response to utility administered programs.   ***   The changes in aggregate electricity use (measured in megawatthours) for consumers that participate in a utility DSM (demand… …   Energy terms

  • Energy Reserves —   The portion of total energy resources that is known and can be recovered with presently available technology at an affordable cost.   ***   Estimated quantities of energy sources that are demonstrated to exist with reasonable certainty on the… …   Energy terms

  • Energy Consumption —   The amount of energy consumed in the form in which it is acquired by the user. The term excludes electrical generation and distribution losses.   ***   The use of energy as a source of heat or power or as a raw material input to a manufacturing …   Energy terms

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